Deposition of Novel Bioactive Nanoflower-Like Sodium Titanate on TiO₂ Coating via Anodic Oxidation for Biomedical Applications

Bioactive coatings were prepared on titanium foils using anodic oxidation at applied voltage of 350 V and current density of 70 mA·cm⁻² for 10 min. New formulation of electrolyte was introduced which consist of 0.04 M β-glycerophosphate (β-GP), 0.4 M calcium acetate (CA), and 1.0 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with different volume fractions. The results showed that the nanoflower sodium titanate was deposited on the titanium which anodically oxidised in electrolyte containing 50 vol% of β-GP + CA and 50 vol% NaOH. After soaking in SBF for 7 days, highly crystalline bone-like apatite was fully covered on surface of that particular sample.

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